Monoclonal proteins can be either intact monoclonal immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin light chains (Bence Jones proteins) found in the blood and/or urine.Unusually large amounts of monoclonal protein (called an “M spike”).Malignant plasma cells: Plasma cell level of >10% in a bone marrow biopsy sample.The diagnosis of myeloma depends on three main findings: A bone marrow biopsy to remove a small amount of bone filled with marrow.A bone marrow aspiration to remove a liquid marrow sample.Bone marrow testing involves two steps usually done at the same time in a doctor's office or a hospital: These include an elevated protein level, anemia and abnormalities in kidney function or calcium levels.īone Marrow Tests. Your doctor tests your bone marrow to look for malignant plasma cells. The results of blood tests that accompany periodic medical examinations may indicate the need for further evaluation for myeloma. Obtaining a precise diagnosis will help the doctor to: The Trish Greene Back to School ProgramĪn accurate diagnosis is one of the most important aspects of a person’s medical care.
